What is the term for the amount of heat that changes the temperature of air when added or removed?

The correct term for the amount of heat that changes the temperature of air when added or removed is "Sensible Heat." This refers specifically to the heat that causes a change in temperature of a substance without changing its phase. In other words, when you add or remove heat and observe a corresponding increase or decrease in temperature, you are dealing with sensible heat.

Latent heat, on the other hand, is the heat absorbed or released during a phase change (such as melting or boiling) without a change in temperature. Specific heat refers to the amount of heat required to change the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one degree Celsius. Thermal energy is a more general term that encompasses all forms of energy related to the motion of molecules, including both sensible and latent heat, but does not specifically refer to the heat changing temperature. Understanding the distinction helps to accurately identify and use the correct terminologies in thermodynamics and related fields.